PRELIMS CA 15 OCT 2026

DAILY PRELIMS CA 15 OCT 2026 ENG

𝗣𝗿𝗮𝗱𝗵𝗮𝗻 𝗠𝗮𝗻𝘁𝗿𝗶 𝗦𝗮𝗺𝗮𝗷𝗶𝗸 𝗦𝗮𝗵𝗮𝘆𝗮𝘁𝗮 𝗬𝗼𝗷𝗮𝗻𝗮

Subject: Schemes

• 𝘊𝘰𝘯𝘵𝘦𝘹𝘵: Union Cabinet approved continuation and renaming of National Social Assistance Programme for FY 2026–27 to 2030–31.
• 𝗡𝗼𝗱𝗮𝗹 𝗠𝗶𝗻𝗶𝘀𝘁𝗿𝘆: Department of Rural Development | Ministry of 𝗥𝘂𝗿𝗮𝗹 𝗗𝗲𝘃𝗲𝗹𝗼𝗽𝗺𝗲𝗻𝘁
• 𝗡𝗮𝘁𝘂𝗿𝗲: 𝟭𝟬𝟬% Centrally Sponsored Scheme | Non-contributory social security assistance for BPL households
• 𝗖𝗼𝗻𝘀𝘁𝗶𝘁𝘂𝘁𝗶𝗼𝗻𝗮𝗹 𝗕𝗮𝘀𝗶𝘀: Fulfills state welfare duties under Article 𝟰𝟭 (DPSP) | Originally launched August 15, 1995
• 𝗢𝘂𝘁𝗹𝗮𝘆: Total allocation of Rs 𝟱𝟯,𝟰𝟮𝟴 crore approved for five years
• 𝗥𝗲𝗻𝗮𝗺𝗲𝗱 𝗦𝘂𝗯-𝗦𝗰𝗵𝗲𝗺𝗲𝘀: IGNOAPS to Pradhan Mantri 𝗩𝗿𝗶𝗱𝗵𝗮𝘃𝗮𝘀𝘁𝗵𝗮 Pension Yojana | IGNWPS to Pradhan Mantri Vidhawa Pension Yojana
• 𝗥𝗲𝗻𝗮𝗺𝗲𝗱 𝗦𝘂𝗯-𝗦𝗰𝗵𝗲𝗺𝗲𝘀: IGNDPS to Pradhan Mantri Divyangjan Pension Yojana | NFBS to Pradhan Mantri 𝗣𝗮𝗿𝗶𝘃𝗮𝗿 𝗟𝗮𝗯𝗵 Yojana
• 𝗗𝗶𝘀𝗮𝗯𝗶𝗹𝗶𝘁𝘆 𝗧𝗵𝗿𝗲𝘀𝗵𝗼𝗹𝗱: Lowered qualifying limit from 80% severe to 𝟰𝟬% benchmark disability | Aligned with RPwD Act 2016
• 𝗔𝗴𝗲 𝗘𝗹𝗶𝗴𝗶𝗯𝗶𝗹𝗶𝘁𝘆: Removed 18-year minimum age barrier for disability pension | Beneficiaries entitled from 𝗯𝗶𝗿𝘁𝗵
• 𝗗𝗶𝘃𝘆𝗮𝗻𝗴𝗷𝗮𝗻 𝗔𝘀𝘀𝗶𝘀𝘁𝗮𝗻𝗰𝗲: Monthly payout of Rs 375 for 0–79 years | Rs 𝟲𝟮𝟱 monthly for 80+ years
• 𝗖𝗼𝘃𝗲𝗿𝗮𝗴𝗲: Targets 𝟯.𝟮𝟬 crore BPL beneficiaries | Includes lump-sum cash grant on primary breadwinner's death

𝗙𝗼𝗿𝗲𝘃𝗲𝗿 𝗖𝗵𝗲𝗺𝗶𝗰𝗮𝗹𝘀 (𝗣𝗙𝗔𝗦)

Subject: Environment

• 𝘊𝘰𝘯𝘵𝘦𝘹𝘵: Studies across India found widespread contamination of drinking water sources, sewage, and coastal waters by per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances.
• 𝗗𝗲𝗳𝗶𝗻𝗶𝘁𝗶𝗼𝗻: Synthetic chemicals containing strong 𝗰𝗮𝗿𝗯𝗼𝗻–𝗳𝗹𝘂𝗼𝗿𝗶𝗻𝗲 bonds | Highly resistant to environmental degradation
• 𝗣𝗙𝗢𝗔: Used in non-stick coatings | Classified as 𝗚𝗿𝗼𝘂𝗽 𝟭 carcinogen by IARC
• 𝗣𝗙𝗢𝗦: Used in firefighting foams and stain repellents | Classified as 𝗚𝗿𝗼𝘂𝗽 𝟮𝗕 by IARC
• 𝗣𝗙𝗛𝘅𝗦: Industrial surfactant listed as a persistent organic pollutant under the 𝗦𝘁𝗼𝗰𝗸𝗵𝗼𝗹𝗺 𝗖𝗼𝗻𝘃𝗲𝗻𝘁𝗶𝗼𝗻
• 𝗧𝗿𝗲𝗮𝘁𝗺𝗲𝗻𝘁: Resistant to conventional chlorination and biological treatment | Readily mobile in 𝗴𝗿𝗼𝘂𝗻𝗱𝘄𝗮𝘁𝗲𝗿 and aquatic systems
• 𝗕𝗶𝗼𝗮𝗰𝗰𝘂𝗺𝘂𝗹𝗮𝘁𝗶𝗼𝗻: Accumulates in blood and liver tissues | Exhibits 𝗯𝗶𝗼𝗺𝗮𝗴𝗻𝗶𝗳𝗶𝗰𝗮𝘁𝗶𝗼𝗻 across aquatic and terrestrial food chains
• 𝘗𝘠𝘘 𝘓𝘪𝘯𝘬: Stockholm Convention on Persistent Organic Pollutants (Prelims 2021)

𝗘𝘅𝗲𝗿𝗰𝗶𝘀𝗲 𝗖𝗮𝗺𝗯𝗿𝗶𝗮𝗻 𝗣𝗮𝘁𝗿𝗼𝗹 𝟮𝟬𝟮𝟲

Subject: Misc

• 𝘊𝘰𝘯𝘵𝘦𝘹𝘵: Indian Army's Assam Regiment won the gold medal at Exercise Cambrian Patrol 2026 in Wales, UK.
• 𝗪𝗶𝗻𝗻𝗲𝗿: Gold medal awarded to Indian Army's 𝗔𝘀𝘀𝗮𝗺 𝗥𝗲𝗴𝗶𝗺𝗲𝗻𝘁.
• 𝗡𝗮𝘁𝘂𝗿𝗲: Annual international military patrolling exercise | Known as 𝗢𝗹𝘆𝗺𝗽𝗶𝗰𝘀 𝗼𝗳 𝗠𝗶𝗹𝗶𝘁𝗮𝗿𝘆 𝗣𝗮𝘁𝗿𝗼𝗹𝗹𝗶𝗻𝗴.
• 𝗘𝘀𝘁𝗮𝗯𝗹𝗶𝘀𝗵𝗲𝗱: Created in 𝟭𝟵𝟱𝟵 by Welsh Territorial Army soldiers.
• 𝗛𝗼𝘀𝘁: Held in Wales, 𝗨𝗻𝗶𝘁𝗲𝗱 𝗞𝗶𝗻𝗴𝗱𝗼𝗺 | Conducted by British Army's 𝟭𝟲𝟬𝘁𝗵 (𝗪𝗲𝗹𝘀𝗵) 𝗕𝗿𝗶𝗴𝗮𝗱𝗲.
• 𝗢𝗯𝗷𝗲𝗰𝘁𝗶𝘃𝗲: Evaluates small-unit 𝗰𝗼𝗺𝗯𝗮𝘁 𝗿𝗲𝗮𝗱𝗶𝗻𝗲𝘀𝘀, tactical decision-making, and physical endurance under battlefield stress.

𝗛𝗼𝗿𝗻𝗯𝗶𝗹𝗹 𝗙𝗲𝘀𝘁𝗶𝘃𝗮𝗹

Subject: History

• 𝘊𝘰𝘯𝘵𝘦𝘹𝘵: Nagaland commenced high-level preparations for the 27th edition of the Hornbill Festival 2026 at Kisama.
• 𝗔𝘀𝘀𝗼𝗰𝗶𝗮𝘁𝗲𝗱 𝗦𝘁𝗮𝘁𝗲: 𝗡𝗮𝗴𝗮𝗹𝗮𝗻𝗱 | Annual 10-day cultural tourism carnival (Dec 1–10)
• 𝗩𝗲𝗻𝘂𝗲: Naga Heritage Village in 𝗞𝗶𝘀𝗮𝗺𝗮 near Kohima
• 𝗢𝗿𝗶𝗴𝗶𝗻: Initiated in 𝟮𝟬𝟬𝟬 by State Govt + coincides with Nagaland Statehood Day on 𝗗𝗲𝗰𝗲𝗺𝗯𝗲𝗿 𝟭
• 𝗡𝗮𝗺𝗲𝘀𝗮𝗸𝗲: Named after 𝗚𝗿𝗲𝗮𝘁 𝗜𝗻𝗱𝗶𝗮𝗻 𝗛𝗼𝗿𝗻𝗯𝗶𝗹𝗹 | Symbolic in Naga tribal folklore and traditional headgear
• 𝗣𝗮𝗿𝘁𝗶𝗰𝗶𝗽𝗮𝘁𝗶𝗼𝗻: Unifies all 𝟭𝟳 major Naga tribes + tribes construct communal dormitories called 𝗠𝗼𝗿𝘂𝗻𝗴𝘀
• 𝗜𝗻𝗱𝗶𝗴𝗲𝗻𝗼𝘂𝘀 𝗦𝗽𝗼𝗿𝘁𝘀: Features 𝗞𝗲𝗻𝗲 (Naga wrestling) | Includes traditional archery, catapult contests, and warrior games